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Being a non-citizen (non-naturalized) immigrant, an even a naturalized immigrant who perjured to become naturalized makes you an illegal immigrant. As much as I love my cousin Kevin, he doesn't realize that deliberately falsifying information and/or not correcting a Census taker, manifest scribe, or other recorder is perjury-- as I explained to him, the Foskos (Kevin's and my common side) didn't do that: case in point, look at Julia Fosko Rusnak's manifest and Andrew Rusnak's naturalization record:
Compare them to these two gems from Julian Czarnecki, ne Chernetski:
Notice the differences: Julian said May 15th on one record, and November 15th on the other. By the way, Julian lied about other things on that record as well. Andrew was consistent with his records. And here's the beauty (so to speak) of it-- Julian lied on more records. For example, he gave 1876 as his birthdate here on 1877 on his World War One Draft Card.
While we're talking about Julian's perjury, let's look at the definition of perjury:
"[T]he voluntary violation of an oath or vow either by swearing to what is untrue or by omission to do what has been promised under oath : false swearing".
Julian knowingly and willfully provided false information and failed to correct mistakes of fact and any mistake related thereto. As I said, as much as I love Kevin; he and I are lucky to share a common side where perjury wasn't thought of-- for the most part, if at all, anyway (I'd have to relook at other records and see.). But at least as far as I know, any perjury that did occur wasn't related to immigration.
Compare them to these two gems from Julian Czarnecki, ne Chernetski:
Notice the differences: Julian said May 15th on one record, and November 15th on the other. By the way, Julian lied about other things on that record as well. Andrew was consistent with his records. And here's the beauty (so to speak) of it-- Julian lied on more records. For example, he gave 1876 as his birthdate here on 1877 on his World War One Draft Card.
While we're talking about Julian's perjury, let's look at the definition of perjury:
"[T]he voluntary violation of an oath or vow either by swearing to what is untrue or by omission to do what has been promised under oath : false swearing".
Julian knowingly and willfully provided false information and failed to correct mistakes of fact and any mistake related thereto. As I said, as much as I love Kevin; he and I are lucky to share a common side where perjury wasn't thought of-- for the most part, if at all, anyway (I'd have to relook at other records and see.). But at least as far as I know, any perjury that did occur wasn't related to immigration.
3 comments:
You are too quick to accuse people of wrongdoing. Andrew Rusnak's name is spelled one way on the ship manifest and another way on his naturalization papers. The name of Andrew's birth place is misspelled in his naturalization papers. No one at Ellis Island went around to ask everyone if their name was spelled correctly or their hometown was spelled correctly on their ship manifest. The same with census records. The census taker didn't go back and ask everyone if their name was spelled correctly. Our ancestors never saw the ship manifests, naturalization records, and census records that were created from their information.
I think it's possible that there could have been a clerical error. Were they fluent in English? Maybe there was a translation issue? Perhaps they filed for intent, then returned to Russia to gather the children, or some other explanation? Or maybe they just forgot and made a wrong guess?
Would there have been any benefit in lying about the dates? Maybe this was just a human error issue.
Unfortunately not. My family on all of Dad's sides were good at lying in some capacity. For example, "Maria Uscanski" was Katariana Susanna(? Shoshanna?) Ushinsky, and she used "Maria" to get into the country, anyway. Andrew and Julia Fosko Rusnak-- sent her brother away after he had an affair and his their Jewishness. Same with the Jewishness for the Gajdoses-- except Great-Granddad Gaydos, z"l, was honest that "We're Russian [Jewish-- though he stopped short of that.]" The Chernetskis I need not elaborate on.
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